PEAR is short for “PHP Extension and Application Repository” and is pronounced just like the fruit. It is a framework and distribution system for reusable PHP components.
“PEAR is for PHP, what CPAN is for Perl… or more technically, what a grocery store is for cooks.”
An interpreted, object-oriented programming language. Python is copyrighted, but the source code is freely available and open for modification and reuse.
PHP, which stands for PHP Hypertext Preprocessor, is a server-side embedded scripting language. In non-technical terms: a PHP processor is run on the server (Windows, or a flavor of UNIX). When a page is requested that contains PHP, the processor translates and executes all the commands in the page, and then outputs the result to the browser as regular HTML. Because this translation occurs on the server, a page written with PHP is viewable with any browser, on any operation system.
Like most other scripting languages, PHP can be embedded directly into HTML. PHP code is separated from HTML by Start and End entities. When a document is parsed, the PHP processor only interprets the demarked areas, and outputs the results in the same position.
Ironically, PHP also includes the ability to almost completely separate code from HTML. For larger, collaborative projects this method is ideal because it allows designers to work on the layout of the page without interfering with the code aspects.
MySQL is an implementation of a relational database management system that traditionally runs on Linux and UNIX systems(also can run on windows). It is arguably the world’s most popular open source database system and is friendly to the Linux/Apache/PHP environment. “MySQL is a small, compact database server ideal for small - and not so small - applications(Lycos, 2005).” If PHP was jelly, MySQL would undoubtedly be peanut butter. You can also get more on MySQL HomePage.
Apache is Unix-based, open-source Web server that is used to host about half the sites on the Internet. Originally, Apache was a Unix product, but now versions for Windows, OS/2 and other platforms exist. As with most open-source projects, there are numerous add-ons and tailored versions of the server available, which are created using the Apache module API. The name comes from its origins as a series of “patch files.”
Linux is an operating system that was initially created as a hobby by a young student, Linus Torvalds, at the University of Helsinki in Finland. Linus had an interest in Minix, a small UNIX system, and decided to develop a system that exceeded the Minix standards. He began his work in 1991 when he released version 0.02 and worked steadily until 1994 when version 1.0 of the Linux Kernel was released. The current full-featured version is 2.6 (released December 2003) and development continues.
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